Effects of Tai Chi Practice on Attention, Flexibility, and Anxiety in Children

Background: Mind-body practices such as Tai Chi may enhance cognitive, physical, and emotional outcomes in children. However, research examining their simultaneous effects on attention, flexibility, and anxiety in school-aged children is limited.
Objective: To investigate the effects of a 12-week Tai Chi intervention on attention, flexibility, and anxiety in children aged 8–12 years.
Methods: Sixty children (32 boys, 28 girls; mean age 10.0 ± 1.2 years) were assigned by class to a Tai Chi group (n = 30) or a control group (n = 30) engaging in standard physical activity. The Tai Chi group participated in two 45-minute sessions per week for 12 weeks, focusing on sequential movements, balance, and mindful attention. Attention was assessed using the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT), flexibility using the sit-and-reach test, and anxiety using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA controlling for baseline scores, age, and sex; effect sizes were reported (partial η²).
Results: In the post-intervention, the Tai Chi group demonstrated significant improvements compared to controls: attention (F = 48.5, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.46), flexibility (F = 39.2, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.40), and anxiety (F = 35.8, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.38).
Conclusions: Twelve weeks of Tai Chi practice significantly enhances attention, flexibility, and reduces anxiety in school-aged children. These findings support Tai Chi as a holistic, developmentally appropriate intervention that can promote cognitive, physical, and emotional well-being in youth.